Effect of Enzymes and Dithiothreitol (DTT) - LabCE.com, Laboratory Continuing Education

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Effect of Enzymes and Dithiothreitol (DTT)

Table 3. Effect of Enzymes and Dithiothreitol (DTT).

Antibody	Effect of Enzymes (Ficin and Papain)	Effect of DTT
Anti-D	Enhanced	Resistant
Anti-C	Enhanced	Resistant
Anti-c	Enhanced	Resistant
Anti-E	Enhanced	Resistant
Anti-e	Enhanced	Resistant
Anti-C^w	Enhanced	Resistant
Anti-K	Resistant	Sensitive
Anti-k	Resistant	Sensitive
Anti-Kp^a	Resistant	Sensitive
Anti-Js^a	Resistant	Sensitive
Anti-Fy^a	Sensitive	Resistant
Anti-Fy^b	Sensitive	Resistant
Anti-Jk^a	Enhanced	Resistant
Anti-Jk^b	Enhanced	Resistant
Anti-Le^a	Enhanced	Resistant
Anti-Le^b	Enhanced	Resistant
Anti-P₁	Enhanced	Resistant
Anti-M	Sensitive	Resistant
Anti-N	Sensitive	Resistant
Anti-S	Usually Sensitive; Some Variable	Resistant
Anti-s	Usually Sensitive; Some Variable	Resistant

Table 4. Summary of Enzyme Effects.

Enhanced	Decreased	Unaffected
Rh system Kidd system Lewis system P₁	MNS system Duffy system	Kell system
Enhanced by enzymes which will strengthen agglutination reaction	Sensitive to enzyme effects thus a decrease in agglutination	Resistant to enzyme effects

Note that only the Kell blood group from Table 3 is sensitive to DTT. DTT dissolves disulfide bonds and was historically used to distinguish between IgM and IgG antibodies. Most IgG antibodies are unaffected by DTT. Kell system is affected (sensitive) by DTT as they have disulfide bonds.