Course Outline
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- Introduction
- Basics of Immunology and ABO Testing
- Immunology Principles
- ABO Testing
- ABO Groups and Frequencies
- ABO Testing and Interpretation
- Review the following test results and match the expected reaction pattern to the reported ABO type.
- ABO Typing Discrepancies
- ABO Typing Discrepancies
- Classifying ABO Discrepancies
- ABO Discrepancies Related to Subgroups of A or B
- Weakened or Missing Reactions in the Reverse Typing
- Acquired B Phenomenon
- Plasma Protein-Related Discrepancies
- Miscellaneous Causes of ABO Discrepancies
- A patient's pretransfusion ABO grouping results are displayed in Table 12.Table 12. Pre-Transfusion Patient Results.Anti-AAnti-BA1 cellsB cells Patien...
- Resolution Strategies
- Comparison of Testing Methodologies
- Case Studies: Resolving Discrepancies on the Bench
- Case Study 1An 83-year-old patient is undergoing pre-op testing, which includes a type and screen with a 2-unit red cell crossmatch. One 7 mL EDTA tub...
- Case Study 2A 38-year-old patient has a history of chronic anemia, which has resulted in 4 previous allogeneic packed red blood cell transfusions. At ...
- Case Study 3 A 36-year-old patient has a history of gastrointestinal conditions, including Crohn's Disease. He has been admitted to the hospital for a...
- Case Study 4 A 44-year-old patient has a history of rheumatoid arthritis and chronic anemia, historically treated with diet and iron supplements. She ...
- Case Study 5 A 48-year-old patient has been hospitalized with an infection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. At the patient's request, her physician has order...
- References
Additional Information
Level of Instruction: Intermediate
Intended Audience: Medical laboratory scientists, medical
laboratory technicians, laboratory supervisors, and laboratory managers. This
course is also appropriate for MLS and MLT students and pathology residents.
Author Information: Candice Freeman, Ph.D., MLS(ASCP)BB is the Administrative Lab Director at Scotland Health in Laurinburg, North Carolina. She also holds adjunct faculty positions at Winston-Salem State University and Appalachian State University, where she teaches online courses in clinical laboratory science and teacher education. With over 30 years of experience in clinical laboratories and higher education, Dr. Freeman brings a varied and diverse background of laboratory and quality improvement performance experience to healthcare workforce development. Dr. Freeman is a certified Medical Laboratory Scientist through ASCP and also has certifications in Google, NAHQ, ASQ, and CoSN. Dr. Freeman holds an MA.Ed. in Social Media and Global Education and a Ph.D. in Instructional Design and Education Technology.
The author has no
conflict of interest to disclose.
Reviewer Information: Laurie Bjerklie, MA, MLS(ASCP)CM, is
a Lead Education Developer. She earned a B.S. in Medical Laboratory Science
from the University of North Dakota and an M.A. in Curriculum and Instruction
from Saint Xavier University. She has over 15 years of experience in higher
education and has held program director and faculty positions in both MLT and
MLS programs.
