Course Outline
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- Introduction to the Urine Microscopic
- Specimen Collection and Preparation
- Urine Specimen Collection
- Specimen Collection and Storage
- Steps in Preparing a Concentrated Urine Sediment
- Microscopic Examination of Urine Sediment
- The volume of urine that is centrifuged and the amount of sediment that is used for microscopic examination should be the same for all persons perform...
- Casts
- Formation and Significance of Casts
- Factors Promoting Cast Formation
- Hyaline Casts
- Hyaline Casts: High Power
- Hyaline Casts
- Cellular Casts
- White Cell Casts
- Red Cell Casts
- Red Cell Cast: High Power
- Renal Tubular Epithelial (RTE) Cell Casts
- Granular Casts
- Waxy Casts
- Fatty Casts
- Broad Casts
- Table: Clinical Significance of Casts
- Which of the following are characteristics of casts? (Choose all that apply.)
- All of the following factors promote cast formation EXCEPT:
- Match the following descriptions with the casts they describe.
- Cellular Elements
- Bacteria, Yeast, and Parasites
- Yeast
- Bacteria
- Bacteria: Phase-Contrast Microscopy
- Parasites
- Trichomonas: Phase-Contrast Microscopy
- Enterobius vermicularis: Phase-Contrast Microscopy
- Match the following:
- Which of the following helps to distinguish yeast from red blood cells (RBCs) when performing a microscopic examination of urine sediment?
- Common Crystals
- Crystals
- Identification of Crystals
- Table: Normal Crystals
- Which of the following may be found in normal ACID urine? (Choose all that apply.)
- Which of the following may be found in normal ALKALINE urine? (Choose all that apply.)
- Match each of the crystals shown below that may be seen in normal urine with its identification from the drop-down box.
- Abnormal Crystals
- Abnormal Crystals
- Crystals of Clinical Significance
- Leucine Crystals
- Tyrosine Crystals
- Cystine Crystals
- Cholesterol Crystals
- Bilirubin Crystals
- Summary of Abnormal Crystals
- Which of the following abnormal crystals may indicate liver disease?
- Match the following:
- True or False? This slide show tyrosine crystals.
- True or False? This slide shows leucine crystals.
- True or False? This slide shows cholesterol crystals.
- True or False? This slide shows leucine crystals.
- True or False? This slide shows cholesterol crystals.
- Artifacts in Urine Sediment
- Introduction to Artifacts in Urine Sediment
- Oil or Fat Droplets
- Air Bubbles
- Starch Granules
- Fibers
- True or False? The structure indicated by the arrow is a fiber and would not be reported.
- Miscellaneous Elements
- Sperm
- Sperm Under Phase Contrast
- Mucous Threads
- Mucous Threads: Phase-Contrast Microscopy
- True or False? Hyaline casts are present in this urine sediment microscopic field.
- Distinguishing Structures That May Be Confused With Each Other
- Introduction to Distinguishing Similar Elements
- Distinguishing Yeast from Red Blood Cells
- Distinguishing Renal Tubular Epithelial (RTE) Cells from White Blood Cells (WBCs)
- Bacteria and Amorphous Material
- Bacteria and Amorphous Material, continued
- Fat Droplets and RBCs
- Starch Granules and Urinary Crystals
- Distinguishing Eosinophils from Neutrophils
- Iodine will confirm the presence of:
- A urine specimen was delayed in transport to a medical laboratory. Upon examination of the urine sediment, the technologist cannot distinguish between...
- A technologist is trying to enumerate red blood cells in a sediment that also contains numerous fat droplets. Which of the following reagents would st...
- Correlation of Microscopic and Macroscopic Results
- References
Additional Information
Level of Instruction: Basic
Intended Audience: Medical laboratory and other healthcare personnel who perform microscopic analysis of urine sediment. This course is also appropriate for medical laboratory science and medical laboratory technician students.
Author Information: Betty Smith MT (ASCP), Kathleen Ann Foster, MS, MT(ASCP) SM
Reviewer Information: Mary Ann McLane, Ph.D, MT(ASCP)
Course Description: This course was adapted by MediaLab, under license from Education Materials for Health Professionals, Inc. Dayton OH, 45420. Copyright EMHP. This course covers the basics of urine microscopic examination, including numerous brightfield and phase-contrast images of urinary sediment elements. It is assumed that students have a basic knowledge of urinalysis macroscopic and dipstick examination. The course covers specimen collections and processing, casts, cellular elements, normal and abnormal crystals, parasites, artifacts, and basic biochemical tests to help identify certain elements. It describes a method of quantitation of urine specimens, and emphasizes the intelligent correlation of macroscopic and microscopic results, by the reported technologist.
