Special staining protocols are often dependent on the use of acids, bases, and buffers for favorable staining outcomes.
The pH of a staining solution is a measure of its acidity or alkalinity; it reflects the balance of hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxyl ions (OH).
On a pH scale of 1.0 to 14:
Buffers are substances that are often added to staining solutions to prevent fluctuations in pH.
