The following persons are at a higher risk for progression from LTBI to TB disease:
- Persons infected with HIV (20-30 times more likely to develop active TB)
- Persons infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis within the past two years
- Persons with untreated or inadequately treated TB disease, or those who fail to complete or adhere to any prescribed treatments
- Infants and children <4 years of age (babies and young children often have weak immune systems)
- Persons with chronic medical conditions or immunocompromising conditions including:
- Substance abuse
- Silicosis
- Diabetes mellitus
- Severe kidney disease
- Low body weight
- Organ transplants
- Head and neck cancer
- Medical treatments such as corticosteroids or organ transplant
- Specialized treatment for rheumatoid arthritis or Crohn's disease
