Illness and Symptoms: Balamuthia mandrillaris

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The page below is a sample from the LabCE course Free-Living Amoeba as Agents of Infection. Access the complete course and earn ASCLS P.A.C.E.-approved continuing education credits by subscribing online.

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Illness and Symptoms: Balamuthia mandrillaris

Like Acanthamoeba species, once inside the body, the amoeba can journey to the brain and cause granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE). It can take weeks to months to develop the first symptoms after initial exposure. Some of the signs and symptoms include:
  • Headache
  • Confusion
  • Low-grade fever
  • Lethargy
  • Nausea/vomiting
  • Seizures
  • Photophobia
  • Neck stiffness
  • Behavioral changes
(Note: GAE is a serious infection of the brain, often diagnosed only after death.)