Course Outline
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- Introduction
- Definitions
- Acid
- Base
- pH
- Buffer
- A substance that can yield hydroxide ions (OH-) is defined as a(n):
- pH and Acid/Base Balance
- Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation
- Buffer Systems
- Regulation of Acid/Base Balance
- Elimination of CO2 via Ventilation
- Reclamation of HCO3 from Glomerular Filtrate
- In the lungs, the blood pH is affected via:
- Oxygen and Gas Exchange
- Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
- Oxygen Transport
- Hemoglobin-Oxygen Dissociation
- Factors That Affect the Oxygen Dissociation Curve
- We evaluate oxygen status by measuring which of the following three parameters in a blood gas analysis?
- Blood Gas Measurements
- Assessment of Acid/Base Homeostasis
- Acidemia/Alkalemia
- Nonrespiratory/Metabolic Acidosis
- Respiratory Acidosis
- Nonrespiratory/Metabolic Alkalosis
- Respiratory Alkalosis
- True or False: Respiratory acidosis results from either a loss of bicarbonate or an increase in organic acids, such as lactic acid or ketoacids, causi...
- Acidosis/Alkalosis Examples
- Acidosis/Alkalosis Examples
- Acidosis/Alkalosis Summary
- Consider the following values from an arterial blood gas analysis:Patient ResultReference RangepH7.307.35-7.45pCO23635-45 mmHgHCO3-1822-26 mmol/LWhat ...
- Physical Conditions/Disease States that Cause/Result in Acidosis/Alkalosis
- Nonrespiratory/Metabolic Acidosis
- Nonrespiratory/Metabolic Alkalosis
- True or False: A loss of acidic fluids can cause diabetic ketoacidosis, a type of nonrespiratory/metabolic acidosis.
- Respiratory Acidosis
- Respiratory Alkalosis
- True or False: Hyperventilation from anxiety or nervousness can cause an increased elimination of CO2 by the lungs, resulting in respiratory alkalosis...
- Table 5: Summary of Acid/Base Conditions and Compensation
- Sources of Error in Blood Gas Analysis
- Sources of Error in Blood Gas Analysis
- Preexamination
- Air Exposure
- Delay in Testing
- Others
- True or False: Exposing an arterial blood gas sample to room air can cause a false elevation in the pCO2 level.
- References
Additional Information
Level of Instruction: Basic
Intended Audience: Medical laboratory scientists and technicians, and other health care personnel who have an interest in this subject matter. This course is also appropriate for medical laboratory science students and pathology residents.
Author Information: Christine Wheary, MS, MLS(ASCP) has over 30 years of experience as a Medical Laboratory Scientist. She was the director of the MLS Program at UPMC Williamsport for eight and a half years. She was the sole didactic instructor and taught hematology, chemistry, immunohematology, microbiology, urinalysis, and immunology. She currently divides her working time as a generalist at UPMC Lock Haven and running her editing business.
Reviewer Information: Roger Beckering, M.Ed., BA (Chemistry), MLT(ASCP) has been an educator of medical laboratory sciences for over 25 years. He started as an instructor at the Medical Institute of Minnesota (MIM), later known as Argosy University. At Argosy, Roger held positions as Professor, Clinical Coordinator, and Program Director. In 2014, Roger moved to the Phoenix area where he works as a Professor and Administrator for MLT and MLS programs at Brookline College.
