Image References

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The page below is a sample from the LabCE course Tracking Antibiotic-Resistant Tuberculosis. Access the complete course and earn ASCLS P.A.C.E.-approved continuing education credits by subscribing online.

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Image References

Images in order of appearance:
(...beginning with the first image, footnote 2.)
2. WHO. 2021. "Estimated TB Incidence Rates 2020". WHO Global Report 2021. Fig. 2.1.5 (public domain). Accessed May 11, 2022.https://www.who.int/publications/digital/global-tuberculosis-report-2021/tb-disease-burden/incidence?msclkid=6477ff73d13e11ec8bfd6bf8dbc26cb0
3. National Library of Medicine (NIH). "Robert Koch". National Library of Medicine website., public domain. Accessed May 11, 2022. [Robert Koch] - Digital Collections - National Library of Medicine (nih.gov)
4. Library of Congress. "State Sanatorium at Ray Brook on Saranac Lake 1888-1918". Accessed May 11, 2022. Localwiki.org website. https://localwiki.org/hsl/New_York_State_Hospital_at_Ray_Brook
5. CDC/ Dr. George P. Kubica. #5789 Caption: "Under a magnification of 1000X, this photomicrograph of an acid-fast, Ziehl-Neelsen stained specimen, reveals the presence of a number of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria." PHIL public domain image, 1979. Accessed May 11, 2022. https://phil.cdc.gov/Details.aspx?pid=5789.
6. a. WHO. "Percentage of new TB cases with MDR/RR-TB." WHO Public domain. Nov. 2018. Accessed May 13, 2022. WHO Global Health Observatory Map Gallery, pg 2. http://gamapserver.who.int/mapLibrary/Files/Maps/Global_TB_cases_new_mdr_rr_2017.png
6. b. WHO. "Percentage of previously treated TB cases with MDR/RR-TB." WHO Public Domain. Nov. 2018. Accessed May 13, 2022. WHO Global Health Observatory Map Gallery, pg. 2. http://gamapserver.who.int/mapLibrary/Files/Maps/Global_TB_cases_previous_mdr_rr_2017.pngr_rr_2017.png
7. CDC/ Ronald Smithwick. #2189, Caption: "Under a magnification of 1000X, this photomicrograph of a sputum smear, processed using a fluorescence acid-fast staining method that implements acridine orange fluorescent dye as a counterstain, revealed the presence of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium." PHIL public domain image. 1971. Accessed May 11, 2022. https://phil.cdc.gov/Details.aspx?pid=2189.
8. CDC/ Dr. George P. Kubica. #5789 Caption: "Under a magnification of 1000X, this photomicrograph of an acid-fast, Ziehl-Neelsen stained specimen, reveals the presence of a number of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria." PHIL public domain image. 1979. Accessed May 11, 2022. https://phil.cdc.gov/Details.aspx?pid=5789.
9. Wikimedia. Caption: "Culture on Lowenstein-Jensen medium revealed typical dry, heaped-up yellow to buff-colored colonies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Wikimedia Commons website, public domain image. 2010. Accessed May 11, 2022. File:M-tuberculosis-on-Lowenstein-Jensen.jpg - Wikimedia Commons
10. CDC/ Dr. George Kubica. #16484 Caption: "This image depicts a close view of the surface of an unidentified Petri dish culture dish growth medium, which had been inoculated with the organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis, highlighting the bacterium’s colonial morphology. Note the colorless, rough surface, which are typical morphologic characteristics seen in M. tuberculosis colonies. Macroscopic examination of colonial growth patterns is still one of the ways microorganisms are often identified." PHIL public domain. 1976. Accessed May 11, 2022. https://phil.cdc.gov/Details.aspx?pid=16484
11. CDC/ Dr. UP Kokko. #12128 Caption: "This historic 1963 photograph depicted a laboratorian performing an examination of an agar Petri dish culture plate, known as a Felsen quadrant culture plate, as part of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug susceptibility test." PHIL image, public domain. 1963. Accessed May 11, 2022. https://phil.cdc.gov/Details.aspx?pid=12128.
12. CDC/ Ronald Smithwick. #14766 Caption: "Under a magnification of 1000X, this Ziehl-Neelsen stained mycobacterial culture specimen, reveals numerous acid-fast bacilli, which by growing end-to-end, now displayed a morphologic phenomenon known as cording." PHIL public domain image. 1975. Accessed May 11, 2022. https://phil.cdc.gov/Details.aspx?pid=14766.